Protologue Description: Jaltomata paneroi Mione & Leiva, sp. nov. TYPE: Peru. Dept. Cajamarca: Prov. Cajamarca, carretera Cajamarca-Celendín, approx. 9 km NW de La Encañada, frente al poblado de Quinuamayo, 3324 m, 2 Jul 1987, José L. Panero, I. Sanchez, S. Leiva G. and C. Sagástegui 854 (HOLOTYPE: CONN; ISOTYPES: CPUN; specimens of plants grown from seeds of the type collections: CONN, MO, NY). Figure 1.

Frutex pilis dendriticis simplicibusque dense vesitus. Folia dense pubescentia. Pedunculi et pedicellique breves. Corolla campanulato-rotata, viridis, 10-lobata, nectar copiosum rubrum ad basim exudans.
Perennial shrub to 1.5 m high with a dense vestiture of short, dendritic and unbranched, uniseriate trichomes. Leaves simple, ovate, the apex acute, the margin entire or subentire, to 6 cm long X 4 cm wide, densely pubescent on both surfaces with intermixed unbranched, forked, and dendritic trichomes to 0.5 mm long, the trichomes never gland-tipped. Infloresence umbelliform, 3-4(6)-flowered. Peduncles axillary, 3-5 mm long; pedicels 7-10 mm long, both densely vestitured. Calyx 13 mm in diameter during anthesis (flattened against a ruler for measuring), abaxially densely pubescent, the lobes acuminate, at fruit maturity to 23 mm in diameter. Corolla campanulate-rotate, green, 5 lobes alternating with 5 smaller lobules, 23-25 mm in diameter when pressed, 5-10 mm deep; corolla veins with dendritic trichomes abaxially. Nectar blood-red, copious, produced in the base of the corolla. Stamens 5, elongating during anthesis; ultimately 9-10 mm long; filaments pubescent at base, with unbranched or occasionally forked trichomes to 0.6 mm long; anthers 2.0-2.9 mm long prior to dehiscing, 1.5-1.6 mm long after dehiscing. Pollen grains 61,000 to 121,000 per flower, 35-40 µm in diameter. Style 7.3-10.7 mm long; stigma bilobed, 0.84-1.0 mm X 0.78-0.88 mm, exerted beyond anthers 1.5-4.5 mm; ovules 110-180 per pvary. Infructescence one- or two-fruited. Berries 10-11 mm X 14-15 mm, glabrous, orange in greenhouse. Seeds 1.52-1.68 mm long X 1.24-1.41 mm wide X 0.44-0.52 mm thick, suborbicular to reniform, alveolate.
Jaltomata paneroi occurs in Puru in the Department of Cajamarca between 3200 and 3550 meters of elevation along the roadsides with shrubs. The type was collected on a very steep slope with acidic black soil, in an area that is generally moist but somewhat dry in July and August. Flowering and fruiting occur in June and July. This is the only species in the genus that has a green, campanulate-rotate corolla 23-35 mm across and 5-10 mm deep, producing blood-red nectar in its base. The species is similar to Saracha herrerae C.V. Morton of southern Peru (soon to be transferred to jaltomata), which also produces blood-red nectar in the base of its corolla. The latter species is glabrate and has larger (to 4.5 cm in diameter and 2 cm deep) cream to white corollas. Although not validly published until now, J. paneroi was described by Mione (1992) and Leiva (1995). The specific epithet was chosen to honor José L. Panero, who sent the holotype and seeds to T. M.
Flowers of Jaltomata paneroi remain open 3-5 days (n = 5 flowers) in the greenhouse (observations were made at the University of Connecticut, Storrs). Anthers remain undehisced for a few hours after anthesis. Filaments are parallel to the style during the life of the flower, and the corolla remains open at night. In contrast, in many other Jaltomata the filaments are orientated such that the dehisced anthers are positioned a few mm away from the stigma, the corolla closes at night, reopening the next morning. Fruits were set in a polinator-free greenhouse (without manual pollination) during the spring of 1992. Thus the species seems to be self-compatible, as are all other Jaltomata tested to date (Mione and Coe 1996). This brings the number of species that provide red nectar to seven in the genus (Mione and Anderson 1996). Fruits of J. paneroi are eaten and considered tasty (Leive 1995).
Name derivation: The specific epithet was chosen to honor José L. Panero, who sent the holotype and seeds to T. M.